PLAYER PAGE
Personal

Cuphane, B (Bandile)
Chess SA id
1020108930FIDE id
?Date of birth
2002-11-14 (Adult)Gender
MaleRegion
Cape Town (WCT)Citizen
RSATitles
Chess SA registered
NoLast active game
2025-01-09Personal details last changed
1900-01-01Junior GPX Games
Junior GPX Points
Item | Main | Standard | Rapid | Blitz |
---|---|---|---|---|
Rating | 1361 | 1346.5 | 1194.3 | 1233.1 |
Raw rating | 1361 | 1346.5 | 1194.3 | 1233.1 |
Weighted rating | 1346.3 | 1333.9 | 1194.3 | 1219.8 |
Weighted performance | 1069.3 | 965 | 0 | 0 |
Floor | 861 | 846.5 | 761.6 | 733.1 |
K-factor | 36 | 36 | 36 | 36 |
Min/Max rating change allowed | 131.8 | 134.6 | 167.2 | 158.2 |
Highest rating | 13612025-02-01 | 1346.52024-09-01 | 1320.82022-07-01 | 1233.12025-02-01 |
Highest raw rating | 13612025-02-01 | 1346.52024-09-01 | 1261.62022-08-01 | 1233.12025-02-01 |
Highest weighted rating | 1340.52025-08-01 | 1328.62025-08-01 | 1261.62022-09-01 | 1216.22025-08-01 |
Highest weighted performance | 1291.72022-01-01 | 1296.22022-01-01 | 1320.82022-07-01 | 12002024-03-01 |
Prediction | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Item | Main | Standard | Rapid | Blitz |
Rating change | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
New rating | 1361 | 1346.5 | 1194.3 | 1233.1 |
Analysis | ||||
Rating | 1361 | 1346.5 | 1194.3 | 1233.1 |
Raw rating | 1361 | 1346.5 | 1194.3 | 1233.1 |
Weighted rating | 1346.3 | 1333.9 | 1194.3 | |
Weighted performance | 1069.3 | 965 | 0 | |
K-factor | 36 | 36 | 36 | 36 |
Floor | 861 | 846.5 | 761.6 | 733.1 |
Max/Min rating change allowed | 131.8 | 134.6 | 167.2 | 158.2 |
Games | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Score | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Expected score | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Score-Expected | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Temp raw +/- | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Final raw +/- | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
New raw rating | 1361 | 1346.5 | 1194.3 | 1233.1 |
New weighted rating | 1348.8 | 1336.2 | 1194.3 | 1221.5 |
New weighted performance | 1068.8 | 964.5 | 0 | 0 |
Temp new rating | 1361 | 1346.5 | 1194.3 | 1233.1 |
Temp new rating +/- | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Final new rating +/- | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
New rating | 1361 | 1346.5 | 1194.3 | 1233.1 |
New K-factor | 36 | 36 | 36 | 36 |
New floor | 861 | 846.5 | 761.6 | 733.1 |
Item | Main | Standard | Rapid | Blitz |
---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
7 | 0 | 0 | 7 | |
5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
43 | 30 | 13 | 0 | |
22 | 18 | 4 | 0 | |
History | 114 | 90 | 17 | 7 |
Games since | |||||||||||||||||
Main12 | Standard5 | Rapid0 | Blitz7 | ||||||||||||||
Gender | Male | ||||||||||||||||
Age group | Adult | ||||||||||||||||
Region | Cape Town (WCT) | ||||||||||||||||
Province | Western Cape (WC) | ||||||||||||||||
Main | RSA | Province | Region | ||||||||||||||
Overall | -1 | -1 | -1 | ||||||||||||||
Male | -1 | -1 | -1 | ||||||||||||||
Adult | -1 | -1 | -1 | ||||||||||||||
Adult Male | -1 | -1 | -1 | ||||||||||||||
Standard | RSA | Province | Region | ||||||||||||||
Overall | -1 | -1 | -1 | ||||||||||||||
Male | -1 | -1 | -1 | ||||||||||||||
Adult | -1 | -1 | -1 | ||||||||||||||
Adult Male | -1 | -1 | -1 | ||||||||||||||
Rapid | RSA | Province | Region | ||||||||||||||
Overall | -1 | -1 | -1 | ||||||||||||||
Male | -1 | -1 | -1 | ||||||||||||||
Adult | -1 | -1 | -1 | ||||||||||||||
Adult Male | -1 | -1 | -1 | ||||||||||||||
Blitz | RSA | Province | Region | ||||||||||||||
Overall | -1 | -1 | -1 | ||||||||||||||
Male | -1 | -1 | -1 | ||||||||||||||
Adult | -1 | -1 | -1 | ||||||||||||||
Adult Male | -1 | -1 | -1 |
Games | Score | % | Dp | AvgOpp | Performance | |
Main | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Standard | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Rapid | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Blitz | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Games | Score | % | Dp | AvgOpp | Performance | |
Main | 7 | 3 | 42.86 | -60.7 | 1547.9 | 1487.2 |
Standard | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Rapid | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Blitz | 7 | 3 | 42.86 | -60.7 | 1547.9 | 1487.2 |
History | ||||||
Games | Score | % | Dp | AvgOpp | Performance | |
Main | 114 | 56.5 | 49.56 | -3.7 | 1302.1 | 1298.4 |
Standard | 90 | 47 | 52.22 | 18.9 | 1263.7 | 1282.6 |
Rapid | 17 | 6.5 | 38.24 | -100 | 1404.3 | 1304.3 |
Blitz | 7 | 3 | 42.86 | -60.7 | 1547.9 | 1487.2 |
Date | Main | Standard | Rapid | Blitz |
2025-09-30 | 1361 | 1346.5 | 1194.3 | 1233.1 |
2025-09-01 | 1361 | 1346.5 | 1194.3 | 1233.1 |
2025-08-01 | 1361 | 1346.5 | 1194.3 | 1233.1 |
2025-07-01 | 1361 | 1346.5 | 1194.3 | 1233.1 |
2025-06-01 | 1361 | 1346.5 | 1194.3 | 1233.1 |
2025-05-01 | 1361 | 1346.5 | 1194.3 | 1233.1 |
2025-04-01 | 1361 | 1346.5 | 1194.3 | 1233.1 |
2025-03-01 | 1361 | 1346.5 | 1194.3 | 1233.1 |
2025-02-01 | 1361 | 1346.5 | 1194.3 | 1233.1 |
2025-01-01 | 1353.7 | 1346.5 | 1194.3 | 1200 |
2024-12-01 | 1353.7 | 1346.5 | 1194.3 | 1200 |
2024-11-01 | 1353.7 | 1346.5 | 1194.3 | 1200 |
2024-10-01 | 1353.7 | 1346.5 | 1194.3 | 1200 |
2024-09-01 | 1353.7 | 1346.5 | 1194.3 | 1200 |
2024-08-01 | 1289.4 | 1277.7 | 1194.3 | 1200 |
2024-07-01 | 1289.4 | 1277.7 | 1194.3 | 1200 |
2024-06-01 | 1289.4 | 1277.7 | 1194.3 | 1200 |
2024-08-01 | 1289.4 | 1277.7 | 1194.3 | 1200 |
2024-04-01 | 1289.4 | 1277.7 | 1194.3 | 1200 |
2024-03-01 | 1289.4 | 1277.7 | 1194.3 | 1200 |
2024-02-01 | 1289.4 | 1277.7 | 1194.3 | 1200 |
2024-01-01 | 1289.4 | 1277.7 | 1194.3 | 1200 |
2023-12-01 | 1289.4 | 1277.7 | 1194.3 | 1200 |
2023-11-01 | 1289.4 | 1277.7 | 1194.3 | 1200 |
Comming soon.
Tournaments
# | Tournament | Start | End | Type | Host | Rounds | Games | Score | Cfr | Analysis |
---|
# | Tournament | Start | End | Type | Host | Rounds | Games | Score | Cfr | Analysis |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Cape Town Masters Challenge 2025 (Blitz) | 2025-01-09 | 2025-01-09 | Blitz | Cape Town (WCT) | 7 | 7 | 3 | Yes | Analysis |
Last 500 tournaments since 01 January 2018
# | Tournament | Start | End | Type | Host | Rounds | Games | Score | Cfr | Analysis |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Cape Town Masters Challenge 2025 (Blitz) | 2025-01-09 | 2025-01-09 | Blitz | Cape Town (WCT) | 7 | 7 | 3 | Yes | Analysis |
2 | 2nd Young Minds Classic 2024 (Intermediate) | 2024-08-10 | 2024-08-11 | Standard | Cape Town (WCT) | 5 | 5 | 3 | Yes | Analysis |
3 | Kraaifontein Heritage Day Rapid 2022 (Advanced) | 2022-09-24 | 2022-09-24 | Rapid | Cape Town (WCT) | 7 | 7 | 1.5 | Yes | Analysis |
4 | 2022 Western Province Club League (C) | 2022-08-20 | 2022-10-01 | Standard | Cape Town (WCT) | 11 | 1 | 1 | Yes | Analysis |
5 | South African Open 2022 (B) | 2022-07-09 | 2022-07-17 | Standard | Cape Town (WCT) | 11 | 11 | 5 | Yes | Analysis |
6 | Curro Durbanville Chess Open Rapid 2022 (A) | 2022-07-02 | 2022-07-02 | Rapid | Cape Town (WCT) | 6 | 6 | 3 | Yes | Analysis |
7 | WP Closed 2022 (E) | 2022-06-16 | 2022-06-16 | Standard | Cape Town (WCT) | 6 | 6 | 3.5 | Yes | Analysis |
8 | Moja Open 2022 (B) | 2022-03-19 | 2022-03-22 | Standard | Frances Baard (NCF) | 7 | 0 | 0 | No | Analysis |
9 | Kraaifontein Open 2022 (Intermediate) | 2022-01-08 | 2022-01-09 | Standard | Cape Town (WCT) | 6 | 6 | 3 | Yes | Analysis |
10 | 2022 Cape Of Good Hope Open (Intrmediate) | 2022-01-29 | 2022-01-30 | Standard | Cape Town (WCT) | 6 | 6 | 4 | Yes | Analysis |
11 | Western Cape Closed 2021 (Open) | 2021-09-24 | 2021-09-25 | Standard | Cape Winelands (WCW) | 6 | 6 | 2.5 | Yes | Analysis |
12 | CWP Closed 2021 (Open) | 2021-09-18 | 2021-09-19 | Standard | Cape Town (WCT) | 6 | 6 | 4 | Yes | Analysis |
13 | CWP Youth Day Rapid 2021 (U20) | 2021-06-16 | 2021-06-16 | Rapid | Cape Town (WCT) | 5 | 4 | 2 | Yes | Analysis |
14 | WP Open 2021 (Prestige) | 2021-05-08 | 2021-05-09 | Standard | Cape Town (WCT) | 6 | 6 | 4 | Yes | Analysis |
15 | 2020 Western Province Open (Prestige) | 2020-03-07 | 2020-03-08 | Standard | Cape Town (WCT) | 6 | 6 | 2 | Yes | Analysis |
16 | 2020 Metro Trials (U18 Girls) | 2020-03-13 | 2020-03-14 | Standard | Cape Town (WCT) | 5 | 5 | 2.5 | Yes | Analysis |
17 | Northern Chess Cadet Series 2020 (C) | 2020-02-15 | 2020-02-15 | Standard | Cape Town (WCT) | 5 | 5 | 3 | Yes | Analysis |
18 | 2020 East District Individuals (U18) | 2020-01-31 | 2020-02-01 | Standard | Cape Town (WCT) | 6 | 5 | 3 | Yes | Analysis |
19 | 2019 Kraaifontein Open (Development) | 2019-12-07 | 2019-12-08 | Standard | Cape Town (WCT) | 6 | 6 | 3.5 | Yes | Analysis |
20 | Stellenberg Youth Chess Championship 2019 (C) | 2019-05-01 | 2019-05-01 | Standard | Cape Town (WCT) | 5 | 4 | 1 | Yes | Analysis |
21 | 2019 Metro-East District Schools Trials (U18) | 2019-02-01 | 2019-02-02 | Standard | Cape Town (WCT) | 6 | 6 | 2 | Yes | Analysis |
Top 3 Streaks
# | Games | Start | End | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 7 | TournamentWP Open 2021 | TournamentCWP Youth Day Rapid 2021 | ||||||
date2021-05-08 | rnd3 | typeStandard | result0.5 | date2021-06-16 | rnd4 | typeRapid | result1 | ||
OpponentMutunhire, R (Romeo) | OpponentBenyana, M (Musa) | ||||||||
2 | 5 | Tournament2022 Cape Of Good Hope Open | Tournament2022 Cape Of Good Hope Open | ||||||
date2022-01-29 | rnd1 | typeStandard | result1 | date2022-01-30 | rnd5 | typeStandard | result0.5 | ||
OpponentDrury, N (Nicholas) | OpponentSombalo, L (Luvolwethu) | ||||||||
3 | 4 | TournamentCWP Closed 2021 | TournamentCWP Closed 2021 | ||||||
date2021-09-18 | rnd1 | typeStandard | result1 | date2021-09-19 | rnd4 | typeStandard | result0.5 | ||
OpponentJansen Van Vuuren, EB (Esias) | OpponentBlauw, S (Siyamthanda) |
# | Games | Start | End | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 8 | TournamentWP Open 2021 | TournamentCWP Closed 2021 | ||||||
date2021-05-08 | rnd3 | typeStandard | result0.5 | date2021-09-19 | rnd4 | typeStandard | result0.5 | ||
OpponentMutunhire, R (Romeo) | OpponentBlauw, S (Siyamthanda) | ||||||||
2 | 5 | Tournament2022 Cape Of Good Hope Open | Tournament2022 Cape Of Good Hope Open | ||||||
date2022-01-29 | rnd1 | typeStandard | result1 | date2022-01-30 | rnd5 | typeStandard | result0.5 | ||
OpponentDrury, N (Nicholas) | OpponentSombalo, L (Luvolwethu) | ||||||||
3 | 4 | Tournament2020 Metro Trials | TournamentWP Open 2021 | ||||||
date2020-03-14 | rnd3 | typeStandard | result0.5 | date2021-05-08 | rnd1 | typeStandard | result1 | ||
OpponentStevens, M (Michael) | OpponentParenzee, E (Ethan) |
# | Games | Start | End | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 3 | TournamentCWP Youth Day Rapid 2021 | TournamentCWP Youth Day Rapid 2021 | ||||||
date2021-06-16 | rnd2 | typeRapid | result0.5 | date2021-06-16 | rnd4 | typeRapid | result1 | ||
OpponentMutunhire, R (Romeo) | OpponentBenyana, M (Musa) | ||||||||
2 | 2 | TournamentCurro Durbanville Chess Open Rapid 2022 | TournamentCurro Durbanville Chess Open Rapid 2022 | ||||||
date2022-07-02 | rnd4 | typeRapid | result1 | date2022-07-02 | rnd5 | typeRapid | result1 | ||
OpponentLunqe, B (Bonile) | OpponentGrobbelaar, J (Jacqui) | ||||||||
3 | 1 | TournamentKraaifontein Heritage Day Rapid 2022 | TournamentKraaifontein Heritage Day Rapid 2022 | ||||||
date2022-09-24 | rnd5 | typeRapid | result0.5 | date2022-09-24 | rnd5 | typeRapid | result0.5 | ||
OpponentMatyobeni, M (Mbongeni) | OpponentMatyobeni, M (Mbongeni) |
# | Games | Start | End | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | TournamentCape Town Masters Challenge 2025 | TournamentCape Town Masters Challenge 2025 | ||||||
date2025-01-09 | rnd5 | typeBlitz | result1 | date2025-01-09 | rnd6 | typeBlitz | result1 | ||
OpponentKoopman, MG (Michael Gavin) | OpponentWillenberg, K (Keagan) | ||||||||
2 | 1 | TournamentCape Town Masters Challenge 2025 | TournamentCape Town Masters Challenge 2025 | ||||||
date2025-01-09 | rnd3 | typeBlitz | result1 | date2025-01-09 | rnd3 | typeBlitz | result1 | ||
OpponentNaude, J (Jan-Daniel) | OpponentNaude, J (Jan-Daniel) |
# | Games | Start | End | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 3 | Tournament2nd Young Minds Classic 2024 | Tournament2nd Young Minds Classic 2024 | ||||||
date2024-08-10 | rnd2 | typeStandard | result1 | date2024-08-11 | rnd4 | typeStandard | result1 | ||
OpponentGumbo, N (Nyasha) | OpponentPriestley, L (Logan) | ||||||||
2 | 3 | TournamentSouth African Open 2022 | Tournament2022 Western Province Club League | ||||||
date2022-07-16 | rnd10 | typeStandard | result1 | date2022-08-20 | rnd2 | typeStandard | result1 | ||
OpponentBrown, D (Deon) | OpponentHudson, T (Thomas) | ||||||||
3 | 3 | Tournament2020 Metro Trials | TournamentWP Open 2021 | ||||||
date2020-03-14 | rnd4 | typeStandard | result1 | date2021-05-08 | rnd1 | typeStandard | result1 | ||
OpponentEngelbrecht, Y (Yaaseen) | OpponentParenzee, E (Ethan) |
# | Games | Start | End | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 3 | Tournament2nd Young Minds Classic 2024 | Tournament2nd Young Minds Classic 2024 | ||||||
date2024-08-10 | rnd2 | typeStandard | result1 | date2024-08-11 | rnd4 | typeStandard | result1 | ||
OpponentGumbo, N (Nyasha) | OpponentPriestley, L (Logan) | ||||||||
2 | 3 | TournamentSouth African Open 2022 | Tournament2022 Western Province Club League | ||||||
date2022-07-16 | rnd10 | typeStandard | result1 | date2022-08-20 | rnd2 | typeStandard | result1 | ||
OpponentBrown, D (Deon) | OpponentHudson, T (Thomas) | ||||||||
3 | 3 | Tournament2020 Metro Trials | TournamentWP Open 2021 | ||||||
date2020-03-14 | rnd4 | typeStandard | result1 | date2021-05-08 | rnd1 | typeStandard | result1 | ||
OpponentEngelbrecht, Y (Yaaseen) | OpponentParenzee, E (Ethan) |
# | Games | Start | End | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | TournamentCurro Durbanville Chess Open Rapid 2022 | TournamentCurro Durbanville Chess Open Rapid 2022 | ||||||
date2022-07-02 | rnd4 | typeRapid | result1 | date2022-07-02 | rnd5 | typeRapid | result1 | ||
OpponentLunqe, B (Bonile) | OpponentGrobbelaar, J (Jacqui) | ||||||||
2 | 1 | TournamentKraaifontein Heritage Day Rapid 2022 | TournamentKraaifontein Heritage Day Rapid 2022 | ||||||
date2022-09-24 | rnd3 | typeRapid | result1 | date2022-09-24 | rnd3 | typeRapid | result1 | ||
OpponentSavage, S (Steven) | OpponentSavage, S (Steven) | ||||||||
3 | 1 | TournamentCurro Durbanville Chess Open Rapid 2022 | TournamentCurro Durbanville Chess Open Rapid 2022 | ||||||
date2022-07-02 | rnd2 | typeRapid | result1 | date2022-07-02 | rnd2 | typeRapid | result1 | ||
OpponentGogabori, U (Umar) | OpponentGogabori, U (Umar) |
# | Games | Start | End | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | TournamentCape Town Masters Challenge 2025 | TournamentCape Town Masters Challenge 2025 | ||||||
date2025-01-09 | rnd5 | typeBlitz | result1 | date2025-01-09 | rnd6 | typeBlitz | result1 | ||
OpponentKoopman, MG (Michael Gavin) | OpponentWillenberg, K (Keagan) | ||||||||
2 | 1 | TournamentCape Town Masters Challenge 2025 | TournamentCape Town Masters Challenge 2025 | ||||||
date2025-01-09 | rnd3 | typeBlitz | result1 | date2025-01-09 | rnd3 | typeBlitz | result1 | ||
OpponentNaude, J (Jan-Daniel) | OpponentNaude, J (Jan-Daniel) |
Top 10 opponents most often played
# | Opponent | Main | Standard | Rapid | Blitz | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gms | Score | Dp | Gms | Score | Dp | Gms | Score | Dp | Gms | Score | Dp | ||
Aor | Prat | Aor | Prat | Aor | Prat | Aor | Prat | ||||||
1 | Blauw ,S (Siyamthanda) | 3 | 0.5 | -283.3 | 2 | 0.5 | -212.5 | 1 | 0 | -425 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1377.7 | 1094.4 | 1313.1 | 1165.2 | 1329 | 952.7 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
2 | Mchontsi ,A (Ayabonga) | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1437.9 | 1437.9 | 1435.3 | 1437.9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
3 | Macheka ,C (Clayton) | 2 | 0 | -425 | 1 | 0 | -425 | 1 | 0 | -425 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1464.1 | 1039.1 | 1200 | 1039.1 | 1438.4 | 1039.1 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
4 | Mutunhire ,R (Romeo) | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0.5 | 0 | 1 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1426.1 | 1426.1 | 1421 | 1426.1 | 1200 | 1426.1 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
5 | Van Staaden ,D (Darren) | 2 | 0 | -425 | 1 | 0 | -425 | 1 | 0 | -425 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1383.7 | 958.7 | 1284.2 | 958.7 | 1297.6 | 958.7 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
6 | Moss ,L (Liyabona) | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 425 | 1 | 0 | -425 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1204.8 | 1204.8 | 1200 | 1629.8 | 1200 | 779.8 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
7 | Khulu ,SS (Sibahle) | 2 | 0 | -425 | 1 | 0 | -425 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | -425 |
1311.8 | 886.8 | 1056.2 | 886.8 | 0 | 0 | 1441.7 | 886.8 | ||||||
8 | Allie ,I (Ishmaeel) | 1 | 0 | -425 | 1 | 0 | -425 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1354.7 | 929.7 | 1344.2 | 929.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
9 | Solomons ,G (Gerald) | 1 | 1 | 425 | 1 | 1 | 425 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1190.7 | 1615.7 | 1181.2 | 1615.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
10 | Woolf ,C (Charne) | 1 | 0 | -425 | 1 | 0 | -425 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1486.4 | 1061.4 | 1472.4 | 1061.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Norms
# | Norm | Tournament | Start | End | Rounds | Games | Score | Details |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|